From the beautiful world of the Baloch

Introduction to Baluch tribes

One of the tribes of eastern Iran is a group called Baluch who live in Baluchistan. It is interesting to know that the spread of the Baluch people and the dispersion of these tribes is such that you can see them in Iran, Pakistan and even parts of Afghanistan. To get acquainted with the Baluch tribes, who are one of the oldest people in this land, we have prepared an article. The cultural background of the Baluch people in this area is very old and goes back to the distant past. Some of these people also migrated to the eastern provinces of India along the Pakistani border during the period and now live in those areas. Even the racial study of these people has said that they are of Indian and Iranian descent. Baluchistan is a region that even Ferdowsi in his Shahnameh raises his heroes from that region and uses the word Baluch mountain dweller a lot.In Elie Gesht Tourism Magazine, we try to acquaint you more with the beautiful world of Baluchis and provide you with more travel to Baluchistan.

History of the Baloch people

If you go back to historical books to get acquainted with the Baluchis and look at the first written writings of the world from the beginning, you will find the name of the Baluch people in Achaemenid engravings or in Greek writings. Writings dating back to BC. For example, in the inscription of Biston and an inscription in Persepolis from a tribe called Gedrozia (the word Baluch is derived from the word Badrouch or Gadrouch), which is the same as Mecca (MAKA) pronounced Machia (MACHIYE), archaeologists mention It is said that it is derived from the word Makran and indicates an area on the coast of western Balochistan. If we go to the writings of Herodotus, we will find such findings. Herodotus says that in the Makran region on the shores of the Persian Gulf live the people of Moki or Maka and form one of the 14 provinces in the time of Darius the Achaemenid. But what has Makran got to do with the Baloch?

We must say that Makran is a region in the south and east of Balochistan where the Baloch later settled. In historical books, the authors mention two tribes called Kooch and Baluch (Qafs and Bloos) who lived in the east of Kerman and then entered Makran. It was after the Seljuk invasion of Kerman that the Baluch people continued their migration from eastern Kerman and Makran to the eastern borders of India.

Geographical location of Baluch people in Baluchistan province

The land of the Baluch tribes during the Qajar period was divided into two parts, western and eastern Baluchistan, the eastern part of which is located in Pakistan and now constitutes the eastern province of Pakistan. The western part of Baluchistan also includes parts of Sistan and Baluchestan province within the borders of Iran. The border region of Makran in this province is made up of the Balochistan tribes. In this province, Zahedan, Khash, Mirjaveh, Iranshahr, Sarbaz, Chabahar and Saravan counties are Baluch tribes.

The second day of March, coinciding with the 12th of Esfand, has been named the International Day of Baluch Culture.

Attractions of Baloch tribes for tourists

Throughout history, Baluch tribes have been known as nomadic tribes who were generally far from political centers and lived as nomads. Even today, the management of each Baluch tribe is not much different from the past, and they still maintain their original culture and attractive lifestyles. The way of life of Baluch tribes finds a special attraction for all Iranian and foreign tourists and takes you to the beautiful world of Baluchis. The world is filled with colorful embroidered clothes, sometimes bright green eyes, elongated faces and cheeks, tall and mature and a very kind and friendly moral.

Baloch tribes and clans

Today, after the ups and downs of the history of the Baluch tribes, there are tribes called Bamri, Yarahmadzai, Gomshadzai, Shirkhan Zai, Samal Zai or Shahbakhshi, Mirmoradzi, Shirani, Mubaraki, Rigi and a number of others. There are other tribes that, although they were not originally Baluch, but today, due to living among the Baluch people, they have formed their own tribes and over time have become part of the Baluch tribes. Baluch tribes are so important and attractive to all tourists in the world and, of course, historians that they counted the population of these tribes around the world. The number of all Baluch tribes in the world and according to the statistics of 1379, eight million people has been announced. Certainly this statistic has increased in recent years. Koch and Rabadi nomadsIn India, they are very similar to the Baluch tribes of Iran, and today their way of life has become very attractive to international photographers and tourists. Certainly, researchers still need to do more research on the history of Baluch tribes in the world.

Culture and language of Baluch tribes

The language of the Baloch people is called Balochi. Many researchers have researched the original roots of this language and several theories have been proposed. For example, some consider this language to be derived from the Middle Pahlavi language . Some have even compared the similarities between the language of the Baluchi people with the language of the Kurdish and Gilaki peoples and consider it to be derived from the Parthian language . In any case, what all scholars are sure of is the very ancient and original roots of the Baloch language.

As for the culture of the Baloch people 

We can boldly say that you will find fewer ethnicities in the world who are strangely hospitable and hospitable like the Baluch tribes. The Baloch people are very kind people who have proven throughout history to help other people. Helping other people in need is one of the hallmarks of these people. It is also necessary to mention their adherence to the promises and appointments they make. Baluch tribes, if they eat someone’s bread and salt, they will not allow any bad person to reach that person. It has happened many times that the tourists who have traveled to this area have given them an invaluable gift to thank the Baluch tribes and in return they have received many times more love and gifts. Rest assured that if you travel to this area and become a guest at a Baluchi table, that person has left the best of his house at the table for his guest.

Customs of Baluch people

Baloch wedding ceremony

Baloch usually get married in the spring; Spring. Holding a wedding ceremony among the Iranian Baluchis is more or less like the tradition of this people for many years, and at least 8 stages of the wedding process are still performed among the Baluchis:

“Gendonen” which is in fact the same as courtship, “Heberjani” which is in a way the same as yes. “Barband Mal” which is a ceremony to determine the bride’s property and dowry. “Dressing” in which the bride expands to go to the wedding and no one should see her during this time. “Hana Dozuki” which is the unofficial Hanabandan before Hanabandan night. “Hana Rastaki” which is the main Hanabandan ceremony. “Sarapi” or “Sarab” or “Mashateh” which is related to preparing the bride and groom. And finally, the “night together” where the bride and groom become one house and cohabitation begins from this point.

The people of Balochistan adhere strictly to their religious beliefs. They perform the prayers on time and in congregation, and they fast in the most difficult conditions, and they consider breaking the fast a great sin. Even during the journey and during the journey, prayers are recited as completely as possible (broken hypothesis prayers and complete recommended prayers). Their festivals are limited to religious festivals, and among the religious festivals, they attach the most importance to Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, and according to their religious beliefs, they prescribe special ceremonies for these two festivals. But some of the distinguishing features that distinguish the Baloch people are :

Miarjali (asylum) : 

Miar and Bahout means to take refuge in someone and Miarjali means to take refuge. If a guilty or oppressed person leaves his place of residence for fear of death and seeks refuge with a stronger commander or tribe and seeks asylum and support, he will also accept the refugee by weighing the aspects. First, the asylum seeker tries to resolve the refugee problem with the other party through mediation. If this method does not work, the refugee will defend his refugee against his enemies to the end .

Promise : 

If a Baluch makes a promise to someone, he should never be unfaithful to his word, and therefore he is faithful to his word, and this loyalty and commitment is so great that it has become a proverb: “Sir Brut, yes, Qolun (Colon) Marwat” I mean, I’m ready to let go of my head, but I’ll not be mean .

Hospitality : 

The hospitality of the people of Balochistan is rooted in their Islamic culture and they are famous in this regard. The hospitality of the Baloch people is a desirable trait that exists among all the rich and poor Baloch. Hospitality and hospitality are accompanied by a special intimacy and feeling .

Insect and help : 

Resurrection means help and group cooperation of people in work. Living alone has no meaning for the Baloch person and loneliness means destruction. Therefore, in the course of life and in unequal confrontation with the violent nature, he has learned to always live with his people and their allies in order to be safe from any bite and harm. Insects and help are mostly seen in matters such as building a school, a house, working in rice, harvesting crops, and building and dredging canals, water dams, and defense .

Chandeh (help with religious affairs) : 

Baluch Muslims in addition to participating in the ceremony of Bijar (assistance for marriage) and resurrection and assistance (cooperation in social affairs) for the construction of mosques, seminaries and students ‘expenses, teachers’ salaries and other religious affairs by paying cash and non-cash funds They participate .

Beer (revenge) 

If a person or a tribe is harmed or killed, and someone is killed and the wrongdoer does not repent and apologize, he must wait for the revenge of the other party, and the other party will take revenge whenever the conditions are right. Takes himself. In the poem of one of the Baloch poets, the Baloch hatred is described as follows: That is, whenever large stones at the bottom of a well are worn out and decomposed, then resentment may shift from the man’s heart .

Oath of divorce (divorce )

The Baluchis swear allegiance to divorce in order to declare their commitment, fulfill their vows, covenant, acquit themselves of the accusations made, and also to carry out their words and secure their revenge on a person or a tribe. This way of swearing is because they have a special prejudice against dishonesty .

Court 

Diwan in Balochi society means parliament and conference. The elders of the people or tribes gather in a certain place and do the important work of the people, which is called Divan. The court is formed to resolve disputes between two people or two tribes, determine the amount of property and dowry of the bride, and so on .

Peter 

Peter can be considered as accepting negligence and mistake, so that if there is a personal, family and familial dispute between two people or two peoples, or if someone is injured or killed as a result of a conflict, to prevent the spread of the dispute and Revenge, the elders of the tribe go to the house of the wrongdoer with the wrongdoer to express their remorse and admit their mistake and value and respect the injured victim, and while accepting the guilt, they apologize to him and are willing to compensate him .

Edible native Baloch people

In Balochistan, mainly according to the specific climate, special food regions are cooked for that climate. For example, fish is the most important food of the people of Chabahar and Konarak, and a variety of fish dishes are cooked by them. Or in those parts of the province where there are palm trees, date foods are mostly consumed. In areas with agricultural and livestock capacity, foods of wheat and animal meat are also consumed.

Baluchi food

“Petrung” (a kind of mountain vegetable), “Rob” (a kind of vegetable) and “Bat” (a mixture of rice, mung bean and other beans with oil and spices) are the main food of the people of Balochistan. “Ashkeneh Gashniz” is the food of the people of Saravan. “Broth” and “goat” (meat with red pepper and cinnamon and turmeric cooked in earthenware in the style of Indian food) are eaten by the Mirjavas. “Fish broth” and “salt salt fish” are special foods for the people of Nikshahr. “Kolejoosh” is cooked in Zahedan, which are among the animal foods.

Balochistan handicrafts

Perhaps you have seen the embroidered Baloch clothes and admired them a lot. Clothes that many artists and high-ranking people use Baluchi fabrics to design their clothes. But the clothes of Baluchi men and women are very old. Baloch men’s clothing and especially pants are attributed to the Parthian period. Baloch women also wear local Balochistan clothes. The dress, which has been one of the most original Iranian women’s clothes in the past due to the variety of colors and types of sewing and embroidery, and fortunately, the culture of sewing such fabrics and clothes has fortunately continued to this day.

Mirror embroidery is a very beautiful art that embroiders different sizes of mirrors to decorate on leather or fabric.

Baluchi women needlework

The most important handicrafts of the Baluch tribes should be called the needlework of the women of this tribe. Baloch embroidery is famous all over the world and has world-renowned tailors and masters such as Zarkhatoon Azimi , Shahnaz Khalili Irandegan and Mahtab Nourzavi in their repertoire. Baluchi women’s clothes are very expensive due to the color of the colored silk fabric and the needlework with silk threads on these fabrics. Every Baluchi girl sews her own clothes according to her taste and still maintains this tradition that she inherited from her mothers and mothers.

Perhaps the first art that all Baluchi women learn is the art of needlework. Many tourists also look for Baluchi clothes when traveling to Balochistan. Today, you can see the art of needlework of Baluchi women in other handicrafts such as rhinestones. The type of decorations on the clothes reflects the type of tribe among the Baluch tribes, and these decorations were not only for beauty.

Needlework or embroidery or embroidery is one of the oldest methods of dressing, which is especially common among Baloch women.

Attractions of Balochistan province

Chabahar city with all its attractions

Chabahar port city with its unique beach is another attraction of Balochistan. Martian mountains or miniature mountains, the pink lake of Lipar Lagoon, which is known as the bride of Chabahar, the bright nights of the ocean waters and the port of Goatherd with its migratory birds, the Portuguese castle of Chabahar, the beaches of Derek village, the short snout crocodile of this region and attractions Many more can be named. Attractions that each have added and influenced the beauty of the life of the Baluch tribes. Many myths and legends of the Baloch people are taken from this special and unique nature that surrounds them. For example, there is a cemetery in the village of Tis, which is known as the Cemetery of the Elves because of the type of tombs built on the rocks. If you travel to this area, be sure to see the big and small sea of ​​Chabahar city in the south of this province.

Beris beach is located 55 kilometers eastern of Chabahar city

The geysers near Chabahar are other attractions of this region that show you one of the most attractive volcanic mountains in Iran. Many tourists consider the flowers of this volcanic mountain to be excellent for medicinal and skin uses. These volcanoes are located in Kahir plain and in the middle of Chabahar to Bandar Abbas road.

Bampur Castle

It is a castle near the city of Iranshahr that dates back to the Sassanid period. Although today there is not only one ruin left over this castle on an earthen hill, but it is a proof of the period of its rule in the past of Iran. English explorers and archaeologists date the castle to the first period of history and some consider it to belong to the Sassanid and Parthian periods.

Balochistan lithographs

If you go to the city of Saravan in the east of Iranshahr in Baluchistan, you will encounter another attraction made by Baluch tribes. The petroglyphs that belonged to the period of human hunting and are now located in an area called Saravan Valley. You can see these petroglyphs in areas called Mehregan Mountain, Kendik Valley, Shir and Leopard Valley, Droo Valley, Tonan Mountain, Pir Goran or near Nahuk village at the head of Nahuk plain and many other places. These petroglyphs are so numerous and located in a wide range that they can become one of the best tourist attractions in the region for Iranian and foreign tourists.

In these lithographs you can see pictures of wars, migrations and the lives of tribes who lived in this area in the past. Humans who may have been Baloch or lived here before the Baloch came to this area. Some of these lithographs date back to ten thousand years ago.

Tis village

If you are traveling to Chabahar, we suggest that you visit a village in the foothills of the northwestern part of the city called Tis Village. This village, which was once a port belonging to the Achaemenid period, now has attractions such as the Portuguese Castle, Anoushirvan Castle, a historic cemetery and the spectacular Tis Mosque.

Apart from the tourist attractions that we mentioned in this region, you can be with the Baluch people and tribes in different parts of this province and even stay in the local accommodations that have been built in the cities of this region in recent years.

Tis Beach Resort in Chabahar, SE Iran. IRNA- Thousands of Iranian